ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EARLY CATARACT AND CANCER

According to this study in Cancer Science:

Early-onset cataract has been associated with insufficient antioxidative activity, with a potential risk of cancer. This study was to investigate the risk of cancer after being diagnosed with early-onset cataract. 
The overall incidence rate of all cancers was 2.19-fold higher in the early-onset cataract cohort than in the comparison cohort (8.06 vs 3.68 per 1000 person-years) with an adjusted HR of 2.13 (95% CI = 1.48, 3.07). The site specific analysis also showed strong relationship with adjusted HRs of 3.24 ((95% CI = 1.30, 8.10) for head and neck cancer, 3.29 (95% CI 1.16, 9.31) for hepatoma, and 3.19 (95% CI 1.34, 7.58) for breast cancer. 
This study suggests that patients with early-onset cataract are at an increased risk of being diagnosed with cancer in subsequent years.

RISK FACTORS FOR AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD)

 This is the conclusion of this paper from the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology:

The results are consistent with the hypothesis that increasing dietary intake of foods rich in carotenoids may reduce the risk of developing AMD. A significant trend was seen for a decreased risk for AMD among subjects with greater intake of carotenoids, especially lutein/zeaxanthin. This study also indicates that prevalence of AMD increased with increasing age and was common in patient having diabetes. Results also confirmed that higher prevalence of AMD in those who drink alcohol and smoke cigarette heavily. Alteration in these modifiable risk factors assumes greater importance if viewed within the context of greater health benefits not necessarily limited to AMD. Most importantly, identifying dietary strategies to prevent or retard the onset of AMD will have a major impact on the burden of blindness and visual impairment among the elderly.

PATHOLOGICAL MYOPIA AND DRY EYE

According to this study in the Journal of Cornea and External Disease:

Patients with pathologic myopia have lower TBUT scores and higher OSDI scores when compared with healthy individuals.

MILK AND RETINAL VASCULAR DISEASE

According to this study in Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases:

A significant association was observed between lower intake of dairy products or calcium and adverse retinal vascular signs. We cannot discount the possibility of confounding from unmeasured risk factors; hence, further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS, ANTIOXIDANTS, AND DRY EYE

According to this study in Clinical Ophthalmology:

Dietary supplementation with a combination of omega-3 essential fatty acids and antioxidants was an effective treatment for dry eye.

SMOKING CESSATION AND CATARACT RISK

According to this study in JAMA Ophthalmology:

Smoking cessation seems to decrease the risk of cataract extraction with time, although the risk persists for decades. The higher the intensity of smoking, the longer it takes for the increased risk to decline. These findings emphasize the importance of early smoking cessation and preferably the avoidance of smoking.